Essay-Morgan

To what extent does digital distribution affect the marketing and consumption of media products in the media area you have studied?

Digital distribution has disrupted marketing and consumption of music, as it has led to the blurring of the production, distribution and exhibition process. Before this digital technology the main way to get your music out there was to be signed to a major label. Such as the big three, Warner, Universal or Sony. Prosumers like Madeon have benefitted a lot from this advance is digital technology because he was able to create and distribute his own music through YouTube. This has also benefited major labels because sony have now signed madeon and make money out of him making mashups from songs in their back catalogue, these songs are recycled and song own the loyalties to these songs so any money made goes to them. Beck has also been able to achieve his musical career because of advances in digital distribution, he chose to release his music in the form of scores and get his fans to make their own interpretations of his sheet music. This is called participatory culture and creates a relationship with his audience. Beck owns the royalties to all his songs so any money made of any version of his song go to him.

The digital distribution began to affect the major labels and some chose to adapt to the changes like Sony who signed madeon to gain profit. But some did not adapt to the change like EMI they decided to try and sue all musicians using their music and as a result of this they lost their money and no longer exist. Syco television own XFactor which back catalogue songs from syco music which is owned by Sony. Syco is an example of a synergy that owns two of more organisations that cross advertise their products. Sony is an example of a conglomerate that owns various different organisations.

Independent labels have benefitted a lot from digital distribution because it has made it easier for them to get their products to a global audience. It has been made easier by companies such as spotify and soundcloud. This is also another way for the artists to get their music out there without the costs of distribution. It has also given Independant  labels the ability to become more interactive with their audience.

 

Essay Practice

To what extent does digital distribution affect the marketing and consumption of media products in the media area you have studied?

Digital distribution has disrupted marketing and consumption of music, as it has led to positives and negatives for the music industry. The traditional method of music distribution which is most likely to become popular is if you were signed with the big 3. These being Warner, Universal and Sony. Syco is a part of Sony, owned by Simon Cowell. Being apart of the big companies they have had some negative effects of digital distribution however as independent labels like 'stones throw records', have benefited from this in return the major labels also benefit. Creating an exchange between the studios as PDE is blurred. Prosumers like Madeon and DIY artists such as Beck have been able to achieve their musical aspirations since digital distribution has arrived making it easier for people unable to get signed with a major label produce and distribute their own music.

The major labels had to adapt to the developing technology, to do this the big 3 had to become vertically integrated through production, distribution and exhibition. Syco are the owners of XFactor which back catalogue songs from Sony, so that people can purchase these again and the cover which is performed on the show. XFactor produced One Direction who have continued on to become global stars and had a documentary film made about them which was produced also by Syco.

Independent labels have had the most positive effect from digital distribution as it is easier for them to distribute their products online to a worldwide audience and produce in their own studios with cheaper equipment. Itunes and Spotify, are two examples of what has made it possible for independent artists to distribute and exhibit their music without the costs of manufacturing the album and CD. 

Although digital distribution has caused illegal downloading of music which some may argue it has devalued music, I think that it has allowed prosumers to create more interesting alternative music for example Madeon. By using other peoples songs he created  a mash up, although this could have been a copyright problem Sony decided to sign him as by using these songs it made people buy the originals again. 

1 May

independent label

Hope recordings

Bristol based Hope Recordings was established 12 years ago

Over 90 releases of quality dance music

 Nick's successful DJ career spanning two decades and starting with Massive Attack via superclub Cream and every self respecting club on the planet has led him to this natural position.

Some artists include: XV · Kastis Torrau, Leftfield, Nick Warren, Black 8, Simply City, Paul Hazendonk, Tom Glass, Way Out West, Various Artists, Betoko, Max Cooper, Luis Bondio

Independent Label- StonesThrowRecords

Founded by Chris Manak (aka DJ Peanut Butter Wolf) in 1996.
They have over 40 artists signed to them, one of these artists is Aloe Blacc who has become successful over the past few years. 
At the beginning of the label, their way of distributing their artists was by handing out tapes with previews of the songs on. So the label would have benefited from new technology as it means they now can use their own website to sell and preview their songs. Soundcloud, Facebook and Twitter are sites listed on the labels website which shows this is what they now use to distribute and exhibit their artists.

Case Study 1- Syco, One Direction

·      Production- One Direction is funded by the voting costs, which X Factor has in place. The profit made from the show was greatly influenced by advertisement and promotion as it gave it a larger audience.

·      Distribution & Marketing- The bands fan base was created throughout their time on the show, as constant viewers who voted for them continued to follow them once the show ended. The merchandise of the band is aimed at their main audience, which are young girls. Their appearance and songs was therefore moulded around the target audience.

·      Exchange- By using the back catalogue of Sony, it creates advertisement and profit for the original artists. By doing this they are creating benefits for other people.  The x Factor’s voting system allowed the audience to give their opinion on what they like listening to and what songs, so the Sony label can then use this information on future artists.

·      Ownership/back catalogue- The whole of X Factor back catalogues songs throughout the show, which is what devalues the original songs. This is because once the songs have been performed it takes away the original meaning to the song as it is adapted to suit the audiences choice instead of what the song writer meant. For example One Direction performed ‘One way or another’ as a pop song where as it was originally a punk song.

·      Synergy- Syco is the company, which is owned by Simon Cowell and Sony. They are split between film, TV and music. One Direction are signed to the label as they were founded through X Factor, and have continued to release music and a film through Syco.

·      Vertical integration- Syco is apart of production, distribution and exhibition however as they do not own all they ways in which their films are shown for example cinema.

·      Horizontal Integration- Syco use their own companies facilities which means that they are horizontally integrated in production and distribution.

·      Global vs Niche Audience- Sony is related to very mainstream music and this is why One Direction are apart of the global audience because they have adapted to fit the majority of audiences rather than the niche few. This again devalues music due to the fact they do not make music, which means something, but instead I is just for the profit.  

Beck Songreader

Music Mash up- Marketing

http://itslockandkeys.tumblr.com/ Instagram- lockandkeyy

27th march

Social class mock

In this clip of shameless, the audience are shown the under class stereotype. The clip begins with thr father entering the kitchen. The house is shown as grey and filled with very dull colours, for example brown all colours used are 'dirty' looking colours suggesting that he is also unclean. In the kitchen there is a lot of mess including alcohol bottles suggesting he is a drunk. This reinforces the stereotype that the underclass are slobs and lazy. His costume and appearance also reinforces this because he wears grey creased tracksuit and had long greasy hair again implying he is unclean. The continuity in this shot is broken when he becomes angry, there are different close ups on his face as he shouts. As he does this he show he has criminal or dangerous characteristics, and shows how unsophisticated he is by using an unsophisticated editing technique.
The shot reverse shot used between the dad and the children shows there is a conflict between them. By doing this it suggests they are a broken family, and reinforces the under class as many of them are not typically happy strong families. The dialogue used, shows they all have Northern accents. Stereotypically this accent is linked to illiteracy as they do not articulate all letters. This reinforces their stereotype by saying they are uneducated. As the girl who I believe to be young as she is wearing a baby pink dressing gown and has her hair in a pony tail, she s holding a baby throughout the scene suggesting it is hers. If this is so it could mean she had a baby when under age, this is more likely to happen in the under class statistically so this reinforces them.

When in the kitchen, the dad is shown in a long shot it show his relationship with his family is not good as he is alone and they are together implying they are close and he is not. Again reinforcing them as a broken family. The fast pace transitions suggest the family are irratic.
The soundtrack when the young boy says "we want you" to his dad, is slow and soft creating a sympathetic mood. This makes the audience pity the boy, as he is innocent but is being exposed to living in a broken under class family. He as a character challenges the under class stereotype.
 When the family go outside there is a long shot of them from above showing that they live in a council estate, reinforcing their stereotype that they are most likely unemployed. There is a tracking shot on the tortoise, behind him unfocused is the families feet. The daughter is not wearing shoes outside implying she is dirty as well.

Shameless

The main character in this scene is shown to be an under class man with a drinking dependency. This is shown because the props placed around his house are vodka bottles and alcohol this reinforces the stereotype that he is uneducated and the fact he is at home proves that is not working class. His costume is scruffy and dirty reinforcing the stereotype he either has no money for new clothes or that he just doesn't care about his appearance. The location it is set in also reinforces this because they're shown to be in a council estate when three of them are clearly old enough to work and make a living they're dependent on the council to give them a house to live in. This also shows us that they have no power in society as they cannot look after themselves. A small child is cast and this shows us that they're under class because they cannot be very well educated because the young  girl has become pregnant at an age she is not old enough to support a child. The house is mainly grey and dirty and not well looked after also showing us they do not care about their belongings.

Soft piano music is played as the boys say "we want you" this reinforces their under class stereotype and the fact that we pity them because they're inferior also showing they have little power. Their northern accent shows us that they have a lack of vocabulary and are uneducated.

Close ups of the main character make us pity him as he lets his family down. Their caravan is taken away which also inciuates that he cannot afford to pay for it. Composition is broken when the main character gets angry this is unsophisticated and reinforces the stereotype that he is under class and cannot function responsibly in a social environment. The main character is shown in a longshot this shows that he is alone and the rest of his family are united this reinforces the stereotype of being underclass because ait is shown to be a broken family.

Shot reverse shot shows the conflict between him and his family this also reinforces the fact that they're underclass and have a broken family. The pace of the scene is quite fast this reinforces the stereotype that they're irratic and not very sensible reinforcing that they're underclass and not civilised. 

Demise In The Music Industry

• Illegal downloads are apparently ruining the music industry
• Music singles have increased 
• Music albums have decreased
•  Easier ways of payment- (online rather than shop bought)

Domino Records

This record studio is an independent company.  To market their artists they use "Record store days", this is when they bring their artists music to outlet stores to increase their popularity and fan base. Social networking is a large part of their marketing as well, as they will not have as much money as large studios. They are taking risks with new alternative artists, which is the reason for not having as many successes as people like Simon Cowell who manages One Direction. The more popular the artist is the less marketing needs to be done, for example Beyonce released her album without an marketing and it still managed to get to number 1 on the charts.

Demise of the music industry

"Now there is an easy payment system, itunes, on the web they are starting to pay again. If the big music companies had spent their energies dreaming up a payments mechanism for web downloads instead of suing their customers they could have swept all before them. Instead they were like the crew of a sinking boat that blames the sea instead of trying to mend the leak."- This article is blaming the music companies that did not think of a easy accessible way for the customers to pay for their online music meaning that illegally downloading it was a much easier option. They were suing people for downloading illegally but not making it any easier for people to buy and pay for their music legally. 

Social class grids

Ethnicity Mock

This TV drama clip explores the struggle for ethnic identity. The people who are shown in the beginning of the scene are wearing suits or smart clothing suggesting they are upper class and therefore important.  The people shown as in power are Caucasian.  When the shot changes to the other ethnicities, they are shown wearing aprons and surrounded by boxes and clutter implying they are of a lower importance.  They are also downstairs to everyone else suggesting they are lower than the Caucasians. There is a shot showing all the workers locked in the stock room, this reinforces that they are unified. This is also reinforced when one of the maids passes out the camera angle changes to a high angle as they all crouch with her. This not only shows that they stick together but also that they are classed as having a low importance in society.

The shot reverse shot at the beginning between the receptionist and the migration police, uses composition to show that  the men have the power. As there are more of them and she is on her own. This challenges the unified stereotype of ethnicities. This may suggest that the caucasian ethnicity are less unified than other ethnicities as through this clip the others are shown as being together and sticking up for each eachother.

To reinforce the ethnic stereotype that they are unified, a black man in the reception looks up from his newspaper to see what is happening this implies his concern for the workers. The close  ups on the people of different ethnicities suggest the tension and tell the audience they are in danger.

The shot of the black man hoovering, is a mid to long  shot implying he is in danger because he is alone. The only sound is diagetic, this is the sound  of the hoover. This tells the audience that it is the only thing he can hear and therefore he is unaware of the crisis at hand.

There is a tracking shot showing the immigrants running through the hotel, suggesting they are in danger. This also shows they are discriminated against as they are only working and not committing a crime.There is a diagetic sound of the door handle and a close up of this, it then quickly cuts to a zoom of the group hiding from the police. This zoom to a close up on the group suggests intensity and that they are feeling nervous.

The white men from migration control, are shown taking the black worker out of the building. He is in clear distress as he moves a lot trying to break free, this makes the audience pity him as his freedom is being taken away. When the asian lady removes the black mans possessions out of his locker, the soundtrack becomes very slow paced and sympathetic again reinforcing his stereotype and making the audience pity him.

Social class

Upper
the highest on the social ladder and economic ladder

Middle
between working and upper class, the 'norm'

Lower
working class, hard working OR lazy, unproductive

Under
Benefits, chav, unemployed, criminal, broken families


Things to look for:
Prominence
Camer angles- show power
Juxtaposition- opposite
Dialogue- stylistic dialogue accents

hotel babylon

The misenscene in this clip shows us that the immigrants are put in a darker, duller lighting environment, which makes us feel sympathetic for them as they are caged in a tight space. This reinforces the stereotype that they are pitied because they are left in the darkness and out of the view of the government. The location signifies and reinforces the fact that they are unified with the range of different ethnicities as they are all put into a room together and separated from the rest of the white workers. Also the directors have chosen to cast a wide range of ethnicities to play the workers to show that they're in conflict with the white immigration officers and police. This reinforces the stereotype that they are a cause of conflict. Props such as cleaning equipment shows us they're lower down in power from the white males their costumes also signifies this as the cleaners are wearing the same uniform and the white males are wearing suits and look smarter and more important. That also shows that the immigrants are unified as they are wearing the same outfits. 

Low angles are used in relation to the imigration officer to show his power and authority over the immigrants. This reinforces the stereotype of being dangerous because it makes him seem scary and threatening. A close up shoes fear in a woman's face when she realises she has forgotten an immigrant and that he will get caught this reinforces the stereotype that the white men are dangerous as she is scared of what they will do to him. It also reinforces the stereotype that the immigrants are pitied because we feel sympathy towards her as we can see she is scared and worried of the white men. There is a fast cut when she hears a knock at the door and the shot jumps, this reinforces danger and the fact that the women is worried. The composition in the shot shows us that all the immigrants are tightly packed into one room together reinforcing the stereotype that they are unified. 

Diegetic sound of a Hoover is used when the ethnic man is cleaning. This reinforces the stereotype that he is pitied because we feel sorry for him because he is being helpful and not doing anything dangerous or illegal and he is being oppressed from society. Dialogue is mainly used by the white people in the scene this may be due to a language barrier or may be to show their importance and power in the scene over the immigrants. This also makes us Pity the immigrants because they are not breaking the law or harming anyone with their actions or words. The soundtrack is fast paced and upbeat to show danger and conflict between the two ethnicities. He other ethnicities are made to hide from the white people showing that they have the power.

It is edited in a way to side with the immigrants because they are pitied. They are shown usually with a high angle shot showing that have very little power and the white people are superior to them. The pace of the scene is fast when they're trying to hide to shown tension and that they are scared reinforcing the stereotype that the white men are dangerous. It is cut to go from the action of the white men trying to find the immigrants to a calm quiet scene of the immigrants in the cloakroom to show action.

Disability Mock

Coming down mountain.

The character with the disability, Ben, has down syndrome, he challenges the stereotype of overcoming adversity because he had more power over his brother at the beginning because he takes the wheetabix, however the reason for this may be because his parents pity him and therefore favourite him. Also showing this is when their mum only kisses him goodbye, there is then a close up on David suggesting he feels sad or alone.  Ben comes across as being incapable and a victim through the sound bridge, David says he cannot be left alone implying he is vulnerable. 

The beginning shot is a high angle looking down on their shared bedroom, on one side there is bright colours and it is very cluttered where as on the right it is dull and looks very simple. This juxtaposition and the composition shows David  on the right as being 'simple minded' making the Ben challenge adversity as he is more lively than his brother.

The following shots of the big bang and evolution, suggest that David is thinking about how they were created. As he is talking about Ben it could mean he is thinking about how him and his brother became to be so different.

The costume which he wears challenges his victim stereotype because it is very casual and similar to everyone else's costumes suggesting he is not as different as them. Their dad is wearing his work top which shows a logo. This logo suggests he works in public services which may imply he does this to be able to handle Ben. This reinforces Ben as incapable. The soundtrack used is very repetitive, and simple implying David's routine had become repetitive and boring due to having to look after his brother because of his disability reinforcing this stereotype.

The camera angles challenge this stereotype as it is mainly eye line to him implying he is as important or more than his brother. 

When in the house with his family he is shown having more power and as the brave stereotype because he is shown taking food from his father's plate and getting his own way. However when outside he is shown in a long shot at the bus stop implying he is less safe and comfortable without his family.

Editing is used to show the disabled boy is happy as the brightness is lighter on him than on his brother. By doing this it challenges his ugly stereotype as it is suggesting his brother without the disability is ugly and dull.

Music interview

Ethnicity clips

Humourous- There is noon-diagetic studio laughing in the background.
Sexualised-talks about paying for foreign wives. Ting Tong also fits the stereotype of a Thai Bride.












Humourous-There is non-diagetic studio laughing in the background.
Pitied- She is discriminated against because of her accent.
Conflict-There is conflict between two different ethnicities because of racism.







Humourous-There is non-diagetic studio laughing in the background.
Sexualised-She grabs the white mans bum and makes an suggestive comment to him.










Sexualised- They get married young and wear very revealing clothes.
Unified- Their weddings are a big part of their culture bringing their ethnicity together.

Sexualised- The first woman shown in the clip is dressed as a prostitute, because she is in revealing clothes and is in a hotel.
Dangerous- The heart found in the toilet suggests she has killed someone and is therefore dangerous.





Sexualised- The woman in the shop is being made to give oral to her boss unwillingly.
Dangerous- She bites him and steals clothes as she leaves. The boss is always a threat because she seems scared of him.
Pitied- The audience are made to pity her as she begins to cry and say she is better than what she gets treated like.

Bradford Riots
Dangerous- there was a fight at the beginning
Conflict-there is conflict between an indian ethnicity and a white ethnicity

 Hotel Babylon
Conflict- immigration come to check that there are no illegal immigrants and immigrants are forced to hide from the other ethnicity which is white

Ethnicity

Exotic 

Dangerous 

Pitied 

Humorous 

Sexualised 

Conflict 

Morgan- disability plan

Coming down the mountain

Eyeline shots and close up shots are used to challenge the stereotype that he is seen as a victim or ugly/freak. This is because many disabled people are hidden from television shows and cast as actors because society doesn't accept them as "normal" they're seen to be ugly from their appearance and making the camera focus in their face challenges this stereotype as they're given screen time and prominence. Diegetic sounds like the crash and having a loud fast pace soundtrack reinforce the stereotype that he is ugly and a freak because it may symbolise a mental disability and that his mind does not function in a fashion that society deems as "normal". Non diegetic happy music is played that also challenges the ugly/freak stereotype. The dialogue reinforces the stereotype that he is seen to be a victim because the other non-disabled character says that he always needs someone to look after him and watch out for him so he is not taken advantage of. This reinforces the fact that he does not have very much power. But in contrast to this he takes the weatabix from his brother who is not disabled which shows he has more power than him. When the disabled boy is shot it is edited in a way to make him look bright a lively, which challenges the stereotype that he is ugly and a freak. He has a relatively normal costume and this also challenges the stereotype that he is ugly.  The location is a normal household and he is even shown to be outside within a community challenging the stereotype disabled people are lonely and ugly and he is an out cast from society. At the beginning of the scene we see a clear contrast between the disabled boy and the non disabled boy.

 Their room is split in half and the side of the disabled boy is bright, colourful and lively and the side of the non disabled boy is full, boring and lifeless this challenges the stereotype that disabled people are boring an incapable and ugly. This juxtaposition allows us to understand that they have been separated not through a physical barrier but a mental barrier. They are shown to be very different and the boy with the disability is shown to have power in the shot because he has a lot of prominence on screen. Also when their mother leaves she only kissed him goodbye and not the other boy showing he is being forgotten or rejected from the family challenging the stereotype that able bodied people are acceptable in society and disabled people are looked down upon and pushed out of society. The soundtrack used over the able bodies character repeats and is very boring this shows us that his life may be repetitive and boring, this is a characteristic of a disabled person as they are usually shown to not be able to do things for the sleeves and not enjoying life. I think that the able bodied boy tries to represent the fact that even though he has not physical or mental defect that you can still be distant and rejected from society and that disability should not be discriminated against and I think that the disabled boy represents that having a mental disability shouldn't stop of limit peoples lives because they can be just as lively and happy as an able bodied person. I think both characters challenge their stereotypes and go against the "norms" of what they are expected to be like.

Premock- Briony

Morgan mock exam- sexuality

Morgan Reynolds- Monarch of Glen

Representation of age in Monarch of the Glen 

Amy is represented as mostly a young, alive and rebellious teen. In contrast to the older characters, who wear grey dull colours she wears a bright yellow top reinforcing the stereotype that she is beautiful. The location it is set in challenges the stereotype of youth though because it is set in the countryside and this is traditional of an older generation not a 16-year-old girl. She portrays a reckless, irresponsible teen because she crashes the car and agrees to drive it even though she knows she is unable to. She leaves school and doesn’t finish ant of her gcse’s, which also shows us she is irrational and doesn’t make good choices.  The establishing shot challenges the stereotype that old people are lonely and frail because there is a group of them on screen and they are also doing some kind of manual labour. Low angles are used when the man speaks to Amy and the shot reverse shot shows us the he has the prominence on screen as when she is shown a high angles is shown. This also reinforces that older people have more dominance and have authority over younger people who irresponsible. When the old people are working manually outside this challenges the stereotype that they are vulnerable and frail because the editing is fast paced and they are able to work lifting and moving heavy items such as chairs. Also when they are working an upbeat, fast pace, happy soundtrack is played challenging the stereotype that they are traditional and isolated. Most old people are retired and do not work and if they do work it is usually a laid back job not involving much physical movement. A sympathetic sound track is played when the teenager leaves that represents a lonely and vulnerable stereotype not a spontaneous alive stereotype we would expect from a teenager leaving and running away. The older man has the most screen time in the scene and is shown to have dominance and be in charge of everyone in the scene showing he has an authoritative and responsible stereotype showing us that the scene is from his point of view. 

Briony Costanza- Representation of AGE in Monarch of the Glen.

The representation of age is established throughout the scene. The head teacher is portrayed as being old by his costume, this consists of a dull coloured suit and beard. This costume suggests he is wise which is a stereotype of being old. In contrast to this Amy is presented as a stereotypical teenager. First, her costume is brighter than all the other characters in the scene, this suggests her youth and may foreshadow her rebellion towards the older generations. Amy’s rebellion is shown when she agrees to drive the car, it is clear she is unable to do so when she speaks to herself while in the car. Following this there is a diagetic sound of the car crashing. This sound presents her as an irresponsible teenager.

Amy is represented as immature when she shouts, “I hate you” and runs off. Following this scene the audience are made to feel empathy for her as the soundtrack becomes slow paced and sad. As she is alone in the scene it could imply she is misunderstood by the adults around her and may therefore feel alone. I think that the adults are presented as not understanding the modern day youth. She looks into the mirror, which can be a symbol of beauty, this can be linked to her age as youth is often seen as beautiful. From the way that she is being presented in

Paul the adult in the scene is represented as responsible, because he offers to pay for the damage, which Amy caused in the car crash. This creates a clear difference in the two ages. The conflict between them then develops when they have an argument. Paul has the majority of prominence during it and is also shown using lower angles while she is shown using higher angles this shows he is most dominant.

The location of the scene is based on a farm; the majority of people working on there are elderly. The scene challenges the stereotype of elderly as they are shown doing masculine work with tools you know this because of the props and diagetic sounds used. When showing them work the music is upbeat and happy country music. The soundtrack suggests they are also happy to work, as there are no teenagers or children in the shot it may imply they are happier without them. 

Notes for timed essay-

1.stereotype-teen

2.behaviour-rebellious&irresponsible

3.situ-runs away

Doesn't take her gcses

Disobeys her dad

4.relationship of power-

The adults have the power because they tell her to go home

5.difference-

6.is it reinforcing or challenging?- reinforces 

30th january

Character / Criminal
The teenagers are grouped together, into the stereotype that youths are often found in a 'gang'.

Shot Type
Extreme long shot show loneliness, isolation, no youth around, only comes out at night. Empty side of the bed demonstration loneliness and loss.

Diagetic
Use of long silences for old people, shows loneliness, isolation, emptiness and reality.

Diagetic
Loud dialogue and shouting with lots of people talking over each other for youths, swearing.

F
Traditional camera shot types, perspective on elderly, detached, objective.

Point of view.
Shot on a handheld phone for youth, dynamic, immediate, subjective, involved in the scene from their perspective.

Prominence
Longer length of shot for the elderly and shorter shots for the youths. Traditional continuity for the elderly and discontinuity shows rebellion, energy and intoxication of youth.

Non Diagetic Sound
Grime:Fast pace up beat loud. Harsh and aggressive  modern music for young people, symbolises intoxication and anger.

Lighting
L k with strobes and backlit, representing night life/club, or threatening hiding in the shadows.

Lighting & proxemic codes
Avoids the underpass, graffiti and darkness going underground = hellish. Vunerability/intimisation goes the long way round.

Costume & Lighting
Suit and tie, traditional, pride in appearance. Kitchen is clean and tidy, washes up after eating shows discipline.

Costume
Hooded tops and caps, chav/hoodie culture. Concealment and hidden, criminal costume.

Depth Of Field
Unfocused, shallow to deep focus to represent drug abuse.

Lighting
L k l for the elderly, miserable or harsh daylight/reality.

High Angle
High angle shots over the youths to show judgement/moral superiority over them. Threatening world below - proxemic codes = symbolises hell below. Curtain drawn across to hide from the world outside.

M
Static t shots for the elderly representing a slow and static old person.

Props
Prescription drugs on the table show illness/ vunerability.

Props
Crackpipe and '20 bag'. Youths take other drugs to get high, revealing risk-taking, criminality, pushing boundaries, free spirit.

23rd January media tv drama-

Rebellion- young people

Ideology- messages 

Why do adults hate youth? 

Adults work for us to do nothing.

Young people have no responsibility and freedom- this causes jealousy.

Carefree attitudes.

Why are adults obsessed/in love with youth? 

Youths stupidity is entertaining, it could also make them feel better.

Adults want to be younger because they are beautiful.- no wrinkles, sag and fat. 

Media shows adults point of view only. 

Young people-

Positives: 

Attractive, outgoing, future, physically&mentally able, sociable, free to make mistakes.

Negatives: 

Violent, antisocial behaviour, gullible, insecure, bad priorities.

Old people-

Positives: 

Wise, responsible, wealth, respected, life experience. 

Negatives:

Incapable, lonely, vulnerable, grumpy, disabled.

The age barriers have been created by society to appear as the norm. 

Extended adolescence- old people who don't grow up.

Sound sexuality

Soft music- calming to introduce the characters and tells the audience they aren't a threat 

The music becomes agitated when the antagonist is introduced and therefore a threat 

The music intensifies the scene 

There is diagetic sounds

The non diagetic sounds are used to build suspense 

Camera work-sexuality

Point of view shot- shows power, siding with the lesbian

Bed scene- caress the other lady, (close up) she touches her leg and focuses on her curves and leg suggesting the male gaze towards lesbians

Composition when he lowers to her vagina area, although he is lower than her he has the most prominence in shot

When the lady strips there is a male gaze, wide angle shot suggesting her vulnerability but also gives her power 

Sexualised close ups on the woman, she is also the most prominent in the shot 

Editing- sexuality

Terminology

Shot reverse shot is a film technique wherein one character is shown looking (often off-screen) at another character, and then the other character is shown looking "back" at the first character.

An eyeline match is a popular editing technique associated with the continuity editing system. It is based on the premise that the audience will want to see what the character on-screen is seeing. The eyeline match-begins with a character looking at something off-screen, there will then be a cut to the object or person at which he is looking. For example, a man is looking off-screen to his left, and then the film cuts to a television that he is watching.

Graphic match Two successive shots joined so as to create a strong similarity of compositional elements (e.g., color, shape). Used in trasparent continuity styles to smooth the transition between two shots.

A Jump cut is a cut in film editing where the middle section of a continuous shot is removed, and the beginning and end of the shot are then joined together. The technique breaks continuity in time and produces a startling effect. Any moving objects in the shot will appear to jump to a new position.

Cross-cutting is an editing technique used in films to establish continuity. In a cross-cut, the camera will cut away from one action to another action. Because the shots occur one after another, Cross-cutting is used to suggest simultaneity of action. However, it can also be used to link significant actions that do not occur simultaneously. Suspense is built by using Cross-cutting. It is built through the expectations that it creates and in the hopes that it will be explained with time. Cross-cutting also forms parallels; it illustrates a narrative action that happens in several places at approximately the same time.

In film, a cutaway is the interruption of a continuously filmed action by inserting a view of something else. It is usually, although not always, followed by a cutback to the first shot. Cutaways usually do not contribute any dramatic content of their own, but help the editor assemble a longer sequence. For this reason, editors choose cutaways related to the main action, such as another action or object in the same location.^[1] For example, if the main shot is of a man walking down an alley, possible cutaways may include a shot of a cat on a nearby dumpster or a shot of a woman watching from a window overhead.

In film, an insert is a shot of part of a scene as filmed from a different angle and/or focal length from the master shot. Inserts cover action already covered in the master shot, but emphasize a different aspect of that action due to the different framing. An insert is different from a cutaway in that the cutaway is of action not covered in the master shot.